Why anaesthetics can make the pain worse

There are well over 70 Million general anesthetics performed in the US each year, and the majority of these utilize one of four generally used inhaled anesthetic agents (Sevoflurane, Desflurane, Isoflurane and Halothane). How these drugs act to produce "unconsciousness" is largely unknown, but as the basic neurosciences have advanced, so too our understanding of these drugs and how they act to render...

1/ Genetic factors. Data indicate that genetic factors modulate the anesthetic requirement to control pain duirng and after surgery 2/ Gender sensitivity to anesthetics 3/ Anesthesia or lack of it  may lead to increase postoperative pain 4/ lack of proper perioperative monitoring of pain 5/ lack of preoperative/pre-emptive pain managment lead to an increase of chronic pain follwing surgery inlcuding...

Pain is a complex of the personal, subjective, and unpleasant experiences  that may or may  not be related to physical injury or tissue damage.  It has been described “timeless, ineluctable, and disconcertingly indefinable.”  The expression may be influenced by psychosocial,  cultural,  and other factors. It is one of the “thorniest problems” this physician can face....

Completely misinterpreted and poorly represented study described in misleading way. Many injectable drugs (and perhaps all no-injectables), not only Propofol, cause irritation at the site of injection. Many inhalable substances (and all non-inhalable ones) irritate airway. Who would ever think of comparing these effects with pain and suffering of surgery!? Inflammation coincidentally is the essential...